Cyclization of ortho-hydroxycinnamates to coumarins under mild conditions: A nucleophilic organocatalysis approach
نویسندگان
چکیده
(E)-Alkyl ortho-hydroxycinnamates cyclize to coumarins at elevated temperatures of 140-250 °C. We find that the use of tri-n-butylphosphane (20 mol %) as a nucleophilic organocatalyst in MeOH solution allows cyclization to take place under much milder conditions (60-70 °C). Several coumarins were prepared, starting from ortho-hydroxyarylaldehydes, by Wittig reaction with Ph(3)P=CHCO(2)Me to (E)-methyl ortho-hydroxycinnamates, followed by the phosphane catalyzed cyclization.
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